geography extended essay topics

IB Extended Essay Topics: Geography

Choosing the right topic for your IB DP Geography extended essay can seem daunting. However, with a little guidance and insider knowledge, this task can transform from a formidable challenge into an exciting opportunity to showcase your passion for this subject. Today, I’m here to share some invaluable insights that can make your Geography extended essay stand out.

Understanding the Geography Extended Essay

First, let’s clarify what the Geography extended essay involves. This significant component of the IB DP curriculum offers a unique opportunity to conduct extensive research on a topic that sparks your interest within the broad and dynamic field. According to the general IB criteria, your essay should showcase extensive research and evidence of your capacity to connect coherent, well-founded arguments.

Significantly, ensuring that your chosen topic aligns with the IB Geography syllabus is crucial. It guarantees that your research remains relevant and adheres to the rigorous standards set by the International Baccalaureate Organization. Based on my experience and IB guidelines, here are key aspects that your Geography extended essay should cover:

  • Formulate a straightforward, focused research question that guides your investigation. The question should be specific, researchable, and grounded in geographical theory.
  • Use various research methods, including primary and secondary data collection. It could range from fieldwork and surveys to analyzing geographical data and reviewing relevant literature.
  • Analyze the collected data using appropriate geographical techniques. Depending on your topic, this might involve statistical analysis, mapping, or thematic analysis.
  • Develop a coherent argument that is directly related to your research question. Use the data and findings from your research to support your arguments and conclusions.
  • Reflect on the research process, including the successes and challenges you encountered. This reflection should demonstrate your growth as a researcher and your understanding of the geographical concepts and theories applied.

In addition, it’s essential to engage critically with your topic, offering not just descriptions but also insightful analyses and evaluations.

If you’re looking for inspiration, our guide on Geography IA topics offers a variety of research questions tailored to your needs.

How to Choose a Topic for a Geography Extended Essay?

Choosing a topic for your IB Geography extended essay can feel like standing at a crossroads, with numerous paths before you, each leading to its unique destination. Based on my experience and that of others, here’s a guide to help you with this crucial decision-making process.

1. Identify Your Interests

First and foremost, reflect on the aspects of geography that genuinely spark your curiosity. Is it the intricate dance between human societies and their environments, the raw power of natural processes, or the innovative strategies for sustainable development? Your topic should ignite your passion and sustain it throughout the research process. As I know from experience, choosing a topic close to your heart makes the extended essay more fulfilling.

2. Scope and Feasibility

Once you’ve determined your area of interest, the following step is to ensure your topic is doable. An ideal topic is like a focused beam of light: concentrated and strong. It should be limited enough to allow for in-depth study within the extended essay’s 4,000-word limit while being wide enough to guarantee you have adequate material and resources.

Conduct a preliminary investigation to determine the availability of data and resources. According to my experience, this phase is critical in avoiding the problem of selecting a topic that appears good on the surface but turns out to be excessively broad or data-poor.

3. Alignment with the IB Syllabus

Your topic should resonate with the themes and concepts outlined in the IB Geography syllabus. This alignment ensures that your essay is relevant and allows you to apply and extend the knowledge you’ve acquired during your course. Diп into the syllabus and identify areas that intersect with your interests. This process can spark ideas for an intriguing research question grounded in geographical theory and principles.

geography extended essay topics

4. Originality and Perspective

Seek to add a unique twist or look at your topic from a fresh angle. The IB values originality and critical thinking, so consider bringing a new perspective to your chosen study area. It could involve comparing different geographical contexts, applying a new methodology to study a well-known issue, or researching an emerging trend. As I know, the most memorable essays often come from students who dare to look at traditional topics from a new perspective.

5. Consult with Your Supervisor

Your IB supervisor is an invaluable resource in the topic selection process. Share your ideas and get feedback on their viability and scope. Supervisors have a wealth of experience and can provide insights you might not have considered. Moreover, they can help refine your topic and research question to align with IB criteria and expectations.

IB DP Geography Extended Essay Topics

Here are topics and research questions that will inspire and challenge you to push your geographic understanding and analytical skills to new heights:

  1. The Impact of Climate Change on Coral Reefs. How has climate change affected the Great Barrier Reef coral reef ecosystems over the past decade?
  2. Urban Sprawl and Its Effects on Socioeconomic Dynamics. What are the socioeconomic impacts of urban sprawl on the outskirts of major European cities?
  3. Sustainable Tourism Practices in Small Island Developing States (SIDS). How do sustainable tourism practices impact SIDS’ economic and environmental sustainability?
  4. The Influence of Globalization on Eating Habits in Urban Areas. To what extent has globalization influenced the diversity of eating habits in urban areas of Southeast Asia?
  5. Renewable Energy Sources and Their Adoption in Rural Communities. What are the barriers to adopting renewable energy sources in rural African communities?
  6. Deforestation and Its Effects on Biodiversity in the Amazon Rainforest. How does deforestation impact biodiversity in specific areas of the Amazon Rainforest?
  7. The Effects of Population Density on Public Transportation Systems. How does population density influence the efficiency and sustainability of public transportation systems in megacities?
  8. Water Scarcity and Conflict in the Middle East. How does water scarcity contribute to conflict in the Middle Eastern region?
  9. Plastic Pollution in the World’s Oceans. What are the most effective strategies for mitigating plastic pollution in the Pacific Ocean?
  10. The Role of Green Spaces in Urban Mental Health. How do urban green spaces contribute to mental health and well-being in densely populated areas?
  11. The Economic Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture. What are the projected economic impacts of climate change on the agricultural sector in the Midwest United States by 2050?
  12. Sea Level Rise and Its Impact on Coastal Communities. How are coastal communities in Bangladesh adapting to the impacts of sea level rise?
  13. The Geography of Pandemics: COVID-19 as a Case Study. How did geographic factors influence the spread and impact of COVID-19 in different regions?
  14. Glacier Retreat and Its Global Implications. What are the global implications of glacier retreat observed in the Himalayas?
  15. The Impact of Social Media on Tourism Destinations. To what extent does social media influence European millennials’ choice of tourism destinations?
  16. The Influence of Urban Green Roofs on Local Climates. To what extent do urban green roofs affect local temperature regulation in cities in Northern Europe?
  17. Migration Patterns and Their Impact on Urban Infrastructure. How have recent migration patterns impacted urban infrastructure in major Canadian cities?
  18. The Geopolitics of Water in the Nile Basin. What are the geopolitical implications of water resource management in the Nile Basin countries?
  19. Land Use Changes and Their Effects on Local Ecosystems. How have land use changes affected the Amazon basin’s local ecosystems over the last twenty years?
  20. The Role of Ecotourism in Conserving Biodiversity. Can ecotourism be considered an effective strategy for biodiversity conservation in Costa Rica?
  21. Impact of Sea Ice Melt on Indigenous Communities. What are the socioeconomic impacts of sea ice melt on indigenous communities in the Arctic region?
  22. Urbanization and Its Effects on Groundwater Quality. How does rapid urbanization affect groundwater quality in peri-urban areas of India?
  23. The Economic Effects of Geographical Indications on Local Communities. What impact do geographical indications have on the economic development of local communities in France?
  24. Natural Disasters and Urban Resilience Planning. How effective are urban resilience planning measures in mitigating the impact of earthquakes in Japan?
  25. The Influence of Geographic Location on Renewable Energy Potential. How does geographic location influence the potential for solar energy development in sub-Saharan Africa?
  26. Food Deserts and Their Impact on Public Health. How do food deserts impact public health in urban areas of the United States?
  27. The Effects of Tourism on Coral Reef Health. To what extent does tourism contribute to the degradation of coral reef health in the Caribbean?
  28. Climate Change Adaptation Strategies in Coastal Cities. What are the most effective climate change adaptation strategies for coastal cities facing rising sea levels?
  29. The Impact of Smart Cities on Transportation Efficiency. How have smart city initiatives improved transportation efficiency in Singapore?
  30. Waste Management Practices and Their Environmental Impact. What are the environmental impacts of different waste management practices in Germany?
  31. The Impact of Agricultural Practices on Regional Climate. How do different agricultural practices affect regional climate patterns in the Midwest USA?
  32. Gentrification and its Effects on Urban Culture. What are the cultural impacts of gentrification in the neighborhoods of East London?
  33. Volcanic Activity and Tourism. How does volcanic activity influence tourism industries in Iceland?
  34. Effects of Dams on River Ecosystems. What are the ecological impacts of dam construction on the river ecosystems in the Amazon Basin?
  35. Urban Heat Islands and Public Health. How do urban heat islands affect public health in major cities like Tokyo?
  36. Coastal Erosion and Property Values. How does coastal erosion impact property values along the Florida Gulf Coast?
  37. The Geography of Internet Access. What are the geographical patterns of internet access disparity in rural versus urban areas of India?
  38. Impact of Refugees on Host Communities. What are the geographical impacts of Syrian refugees on host communities in Germany?
  39. Wildlife Corridors and Biodiversity. How effective are wildlife corridors in promoting biodiversity in the Rocky Mountains?
  40. Desertification and Migration. How does desertification influence migration patterns in sub-Saharan Africa?
  41. The Role of Geographical Indicators in Promoting Local Economies. How do geographical indicators affect the economic development of rural communities in France?
  42. The Impact of High-Speed Rail on Regional Development. What has been the impact of high-speed rail systems on regional development in Spain?
  43. Sustainable Water Management in Arid Regions. How do sustainable water management practices affect the livelihoods of communities in arid regions of Morocco?
  44. The Geopolitics of Rare Earth Elements. How does the distribution of rare earth elements influence geopolitical relations in East Asia?
  45. Urban Planning and Disaster Resilience. How do urban planning practices influence disaster resilience in earthquake-prone cities in Japan?
  46. The Economic Geography of the Coffee Trade. What are the economic impacts of coffee trade on small-scale farmers in Colombia?
  47. Cultural Landscapes and National Identity. How do cultural landscapes contribute to national identity in New Zealand?
  48. The Impact of Climate Change on Alpine Ski Resorts. What are the long-term impacts of climate change on the viability of alpine ski resorts in Switzerland?
  49. Green Urban Spaces and Environmental Justice. How do green urban spaces contribute to environmental justice in cities like Detroit?
  50. The Changing Geography of the Global Wine Industry. How is climate change reshaping the global geography of the wine industry?
  51. The Impact of Light Pollution on Urban Ecosystems. How does light pollution affect nocturnal wildlife in major metropolitan areas like New York City?
  52. The Role of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Disaster Management. How have Geographic Information Systems (GIS) been used to improve disaster response strategies during hurricanes on the Gulf Coast of the United States?
  53. The Effect of Border Policies on Cross-Border Tribal Lands. How have recent border policy changes impacted traditional land use patterns of the Navajo Nation along the US-Mexico border?
  54. The Geography of Cryptocurrency Mining. What are the geographical patterns and environmental impacts of cryptocurrency mining operations in China?
  55. The Influence of Microclimates on Urban Agriculture. How do urban microclimates influence the success of rooftop gardens in cities like Chicago?

All these topics and questions are formulated to be broad enough to allow for in-depth, step-by-step research and analysis yet focused enough to be manageable within the scope of an extended essay.

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Conclusion

In conclusion, choosing and developing a topic for your Geography extended essay is much easier than it might seem at first glance. By taking advantage of this opportunity, you have the power to add valuable perspectives to the world of Geography. Remember, researching is just as important as the essay itself, and if you need help with EE writing, just contact our experts. 😉

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